在docker中使用nginx

准备

安装目标：

启动nginx，监听80和443端口。

nginx的配置文件、日志文件存放在宿主机。

选择一个适合的版本：

在docker-hub中选择

# 此处选用1.20-alpine
docker pull nginx:1.20-alpine

安装

准备存放持久化文件、配置文件的宿主机目录

mkdir -p /data/nginx/{ssl_cert,conf,logs,data}
mkdir -p /data/nginx/conf/conf.d

编写配置文件nginx.conf，并放入宿主机目录/data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
    # file size
    client_max_body_size   100m;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

编写默认的server配置。并放入宿主机目录/data/nginx/conf/conf.d/default.conf

server {
    listen       80;
    listen  [::]:80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

编写nginx启动脚本

docker run -d \
  --name nginx120 \
  -p 80:80 \
  -p 443:443 \
  -v /data/nginx/ssl_cert:/etc/nginx/ssl_cert \
  -v /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:rw \
  -v /data/nginx/conf/conf.d/:/etc/nginx/conf.d/:rw \
  -v /data/nginx/logs/:/var/log/nginx/ \
  -v /data/nginx/data/:/data/nginx/data/ \
  nginx:1.20-alpine;

查看是否启动成功

docker ps
docker logs nginx120
curl http://localhost

说明

server配置文件

server的配置文件放在宿主机的 /data/nginx/conf/conf.d

宿主机ip

通过ifconfig查看，找到docker0项的IPV4地址就是宿主机ip，例如：127.17.0.1